NCERT CLASS 12 PHYSICS CHAPTER 1 – ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS IN-TEXT / CONCEPT-BASED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS  1. What is electrostatics? Electrostatics is the branch of physics that deals with electric charges at rest and the forces, fields and interactions produced by them. 2. What are the two types of electric charges? There are two types of electric charges: Positive charge (+) Negative charge (−) A body becomes positively charged when it loses electrons and negatively charged when it gains electrons. 3. State the law of electric charges. Like charges repel each other, whereas unlike charges attract each other. Positive and positive charges repel. Negative and negative charges repel. Positive and negative charges attract. 4. What is the difference between conductors and insulators? Conductors: Materials that allow electric charges to move freely through them are called conductors. Examples: copper, aluminium and silver. Insulators: Materials that do not allow electric c...

  NCERT CLASS 12 PHYSICS CHAPTER 2 – ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE IN-TEXT / CONCEPT-BASED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 1. What is electric potential? Electric potential at a point is defined as the work done per unit positive test charge by an external agent in bringing the test charge from infinity to that point without changing its kinetic energy. Mathematically, V = W/q Where: V = electric potential W = work done q = test charge SI unit: volt (V). 2. Define one volt. One volt is the electric potential at a point when one joule of work is required to bring a positive charge of one coulomb from infinity to that point. 1 V = 1 J/C 3. What is potential difference? The potential difference between two points is the work done per unit positive charge in moving the charge from one point to another. V_B − V_A = W_ext/q SI unit: volt (V). 4. Is electric potential a scalar or vector quantity? Electric potential is a scalar quantity because it has magnitude but no direction. 5. What is...