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SOCIAL SCIENCE CLASS - 8

SOCIAL AND POLITICAL LIFE - III

THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION

EXERCISES

Question no. 1

1. Why does a democratic country need a Constitution?

Answer no. 1

There are various season by a democratic country need a constitution.
1. Constitution tells us fundamental nature of the society.
2. Constitution define the nature of country political system.
3. Constitution lay down rules that guard against the misuse of authority by political leaders.
4. Constitution guarantees the right to equality to all person and states that no citizen can be discriminated against on the ground of religion, race, caste, gender and place of birth.
5. Constitution plays in a democracy is to ensure that a dominant group does not use its power against less powerful people or group.
6. Constitution usually contains rule that ensure that minorities are not excluded from anything that is only available to the majority.

Question no. 2

2. Look at the wordings of the two documents given below.
The first column is from the 1990 Nepal Constitution. The
second column is from the more recent interim Constitution of Nepal.

1990 Constitution of Nepal        2007Interim Constitution
Part 7: Executive                          Part 5: Executive
Article 35: Executive Power:     Article 37: Executive
The executive power of the       power: the executive 
Kingdom of Nepal shall be         power of Nepal shall be 
vested in His Majesty and the   vested in the council of 
Council of Ministers.                   Minister.

What is the difference in who exercises 'Executive Power' in
the above two Constitutions of Nepal? Keeping this in mind,
why do you think Nepal needs a new Constitution today?

Answer no. 2

According to the 1990 constitution, the excluded power it shared by the king and the Council of Ministers. But according to 2007 Interim constitution, the executive power has become sole right if the council of ministers. Nepal has been undergoing transition from a monarchy to a democracy. Many changes in the government system needs to be adopted in order to usher in a new society. For this, the country needs a basic framework of rules and regulation in the form of constitution.

Question no. 3

3. What would happen if there were no restrictions on the power of elected representatives?

Answer no. 3

In democracy, we choose our leaders so that they exercise power responsibility on our behalf. However there is always the possibility that these leader might misuse their authority, but constitution provide safeguard against this. If there will be no restriction on the powers of elected representative they can misuse of authority which can result in growth of injustice among people.

Question no. 4

4. In each of the following situations, identify the minority.
Write one reason why you think it is important to respect
the views of the minority in each of these situations.
(a) In a school with 30 teachers, 20 of them are male.
(b) In a city, 5 per cent of the population are Buddhists.
(c) In a factory mess for all employees, 80 per cent are
vegetarians.
(d) In a class of 50 students, 40 belong to more well-off
families.

Answer no. 4

Here 10 female teachers are are in minority. This teacher view is important for the mood function and improvement of the school photo there you should be considered.
Minority are 5% Buddhist full stop there you should be respected. Because of minority with different religious believe they should not be ignored. Any decision should be taken keeping in mind the religious feeling of the Buddhist population.
 Hair 20% non vegetarian are in minority. It is important while preparing food it should be kept in mind that food should be prepared for the both non vegetarian and vegetarian.
10 student which do not belong to well of family are in minority hair. It is important to keep their view point in mind, because they may not be able to you contribute to various expenses required by the school.

Question no. 5

5. The column on the left lists some of the key features of
the Indian Constitution. In the other column write two sentences, in your own words, on why you think this feature is important:

 Key Feature                                      Significance
Federalism
Separation of Powers
Fundamental Rights
Parliamentary Form of
Government

Answer no. 5

Key feature                                 significance

 Federalism : There is a vast number of                                                                                                            communities in India so a
                      system of government needed
                      to be devised that not involve
                     only person sitting in capital of
                     New Delhi. Instead it is important
                     to have another level of government
                     in the state so that decision could
                     be made for that particular area.
                     The Panchayati Raj is responsible
                     for governing the village.

 Separation of power : There are three organs of the
                                       state that is the legislature, the                                                                                                 executive and the Judiciary. The                                                                                               constitution state that these
                                       organ should exercise different
                                       power in order to prevent misuse of their                                                                             power.

 Fundamental right : Fundamental rights give certain                                                                                                 guarantee to the the citizens.

 Parliamentary form : People of India have a direct roll in
of government           electing their representatives. These
                                      representatives works in the government
                                      on behalf of people who elected them.

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