NCERT CLASS 10 SOCIAL SCIENCE CHAPTER 4 GENDER,RELIGION AND CASTE

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NCERT SOLUTION SOCIAL SCIENCE (DEMOCRATIC POLITICS II) CHAPTER 4 GENDER,RELIGION AND CASTE


QUESTION NO 1

Mention different aspects of life in which women are discriminated or disadvantage in India.

ANSWER

Various steps have been taken by the government to eliminate the discrimination against women and situation is improved to some extent but still in some fields where Womens are facing discrimination which are as follows-

1. EDUCATION-  

The literacy rate of women is still lower than men. This is because of education is still preferred to boys in some ruler and backward areas of the country. Hence it is a discrimination against women and everyone should get equal right to education.

PROPORTION OF WOMEN IN PAID JOBS

Women still have a small share in the highly paid job. Women are not getting the equal wages in spite of having same qualification and same working hour. It is a discrimination against the women.

PREFERENCE FOR A MALE CHILD

In India in some parts of country especially in ruler and backward area parents prefer for sons over daughters and find ways a aborting girl child.

CRIME AGAINST WOMEN

There are various examples of crime against women. Women are exploited and harassed at the workplace and at the home.
Most of women are facing domestic violence which make her unsafe even within her family.

QUESTION NO 2

State different forms of communal politics with one example each.

ANSWER

Different form of communical politics are-

1. The most common expression of communalism is in everyday beliefs. These  involves religious prejudices, stereotype of religious communities and believe in the superiority of one's religion over other religion. Example militant religious group.

2. A communal mind leads to a quest for political dominance of one's own religious community. For those belonging to the majority community,this takes the  form of majoritarian dominance. For those belonging to the minority community it can take the the form of desire to form a separate political unit. Example separatist leaders and political parties in Jammu and Kashmir.

3.  Political mobilisation on religious lines is another frequent form of communism. This involves the use of Sacred symbols, religious leaders,emotional appeal and plain fear in order to bring the follower of one religion together in the political Arena. Example this technique is applied by many politician to influence the voters from the two largest religious community in the  country.

4. Sometimes communalism takes its most ugly form of communal violence,riots and massacre. It has been experienced at the time of partition between India and Pakistan.

QUESTION NO 3

State how caste inequalities are still continuing in India.

ANSWER

Cast inequality have not completely eradicated from India. For instance despite constitutional provision, untouchability has not ended completely. It may be seen in ruler area of the some part of the country. Education is not easily available to the lower caste children. Economic status is closely linked to the caste system. The poors are mostly belongs to the the low caste  while the rich are 'upper caste',there by showing that cast inequality are still continuing in India.

QUESTION NO 4

State two reasons to say that caste alone cannot determine election results in India.

ANSWER

1.  No parliamentary constituency in the country has a clear majority of one single caste. Hence, every party and candidate required to win the confidence of more than one caste and community to win elections.

 2. No party wins the votes of all the voters of  or community. When it is said that cast is a 'vote Bank' of one party,  it means that a large proportion of the voters from that cast vote for that party.

QUESTION NO 5

What is the status of women's representation in Indias legislative bodies?

ANSWER

In India, the proportion of women in the legislature is very low. The women strength in the lok sabha is not even 10%.Women share in state assemblies is less than 5%. India is among the bottom group of nations in the world.

QUESTION NO 6

Mention any two constitutional provisions that make India a secular state.

ANSWER

In India, communalism has always been a major threat and challenge to the spirit of democracy.Therefore, the model of secular state was chosen by the makers of our constitution as they were aware of this challenge.They adopted two constitutional provisions that makes India a secular state are--

 1. There is no official religion for the Indian state.
2. Our constitution does not give a special status to any religion.

QUESTION NO 7

When we speak of gender divisions,we usually refer to:

 (a) Biological differences between men and women
(b) Unequal roles assigned by the society to men and women
(c) Unequal child sex ratio
(d) Absence of voting rights for women in democracies

ANSWER

 (b) Unequal roles assigned by the society to men and women

QUESTION NO 8

In India seats are reserved for women in

 (a) Lok Sabha
(b) State legislative assemblies
(c) Cabinets
(d) Panchayati Raj bodies

ANSWER

(d) Panchayati Raj bodies

QUESTION NO 9

Consider the following statements on the meaning of communal politics.Communal politics is based on the belief that :

 A. One religion is superior to that of others.
B. People belonging to different religions can live together happily as equal citizens.
C. Followers of a particular religion constitute one community.
D. State power cannot be used to establish the domination of one religious group over others.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
(a) A,B,C and D  (b) A,B and D
(c) A and C  (d) B and D

ANSWER

(c) A and C

QUESTION NO 10

Which among the following statements about India's constitution is wrong? It
(a) prohibits discrimination on ground of religion.
(b) gives official status to one religion.
(c) provides to all individual freedom to profess any religion.
(d) ensure equality of citizens within religious communities.

ANSWER

(b) gives official status to one religion.

QUESTION NO 11


 Social division based on ----------are peculiar to India.

ANSWER

Caste

QUESTION NO 12

Match list I with list II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the Lists:

 List I

 1. A person who believes in equal rights and opportunities for women and men
2. A person who says that religion is the principal basis of community
3. A person who thinks that caste is the principal basis of community
4. A person who does not discriminate others on the basis of religious beliefs

 List II

 A. Communist
B. Feminist
C. Secularist
D. Castiest

        1          2            3          4
(a)  B         C           A          D
(b) B         A           D          C
(c)  D        C           A          B
(d)  C        A           B          D

 ANSWER 

 (b)     B        A       D       C






























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