NCERT SOLUTION CLASS 10 GEOGRAPHY

NCERT TUTORIAL CLASS 10 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER -1 RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT

QUESTION NO 1

1.  Multiple choice question

(i) Which one of the following types of resources is iron ore?

(a) Renewable           (c)  Flow         

(b) Biotic                     (d) Non- renewable

(ii) Under which of the following type of resource  tidal energy cannot be put?

(a) Replenishable      (c)  Abiotic

(b) Human- made      (d) Non- recyclable

(iii) Which of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?

(a) Intensive Cultivation  (c) Over Irrigation

(b) Deforestation               (d) Overgrazing

(iv) In which of the following states is terrace cultivation practised?

(a) Punjab                    (c) Haryana         

(b) Plains of Uttar Pradesh (d) Uttarakhand

(v) In which of the following states black soil is predominantly found?

(a) Jammu and Kashmir   (b) Rajasthan

(b) Maharashtra                 (d) Jharkhand

ANSWER

(i)   -------  (d)

(ii)--------- (a)

(iii)---------(c)

(iv) --------(d)

(v)---------- (b)

QUESTION NO 2

Answer the following questions in about 30 words.

(i) Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.

(ii) Which type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give three main features of this type of soil.

(iii) What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas?

(iv) What are the biotic and abiotic resources ?Give some examples.  

ANSWER

(i) black soil is found in the Deccan trap region is spread over Northwest Deccan Plateau and is made up of lava flows. They cover the plateaus of Maharashtra, Saurashtra, Malwa, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh and extend in the south east direction along the Godavari and the Krishna Valley. This soil is ideal for cotton cultivation.

(ii) Alluvial soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast. Three main features of this type of soils are: 

1. Mostly these soil contain adequate proportion of Potash, phosphoric acid and lime which are ideal for the growth of sugarcane,paddy, wheat and other cereal and Pulse crops. 

2.Due to its high fertility, region of alluvial soils are  intensively cultivated and densely populated.

3. Soils in the drier  area are more  alkaline and can be productive after proper treatment and irrigation.

(iii) 1. Ploughing should be done along the contour lines. It will decelerate the flow of water down the slopes. Hence restrict the soil erosion.
 Using terrace farming technique can reduce the soil erosion.

3. Strips of grass are left to grow between the crops. This breaks up the force of the Wind hence restrict soil erosion.

(iv)
Biotic Resources :  Resources that  are obtained from biosphere and are living like human beings,flora and fauna,fisheries,livestock,etc are called biotic resources.
Abiotic Resources:  Resources that comprises non-living things such as rocks and metals are called abiotic resources.

QUESTION NO 3

Answer the following questions in about 120 words.

(i)  Explain land use pattern in India and why has the land under forest not increased much since 1960-61.

(ii) How have technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources?

ANSWER

(i)  The total geographical area of India is 3.28 million square kilometre. As per the land use data only 93 % of the total geographical area is available. Of these 43.4% is the net sown area forest cover is 22.6%, 4.4 % is culturable waste. 7.03 % is current fallow, 4% is covered by pastures and 1% is covered by tree crops. The land under forest have increased over the years.

        The pattern of net sown area varies  greatly from one state to another. Forest area in the country is far lower than the desired 33% of the geographical area, as it was outlined in the National Forest policy 1952. The percentage of forest cover is needed to be increased for the maintenance of the ecological balance.

     The land under forest not increased much since 1960 -61 due to several reason such as -
1. The improper use of land which has caused   degradation of the available land area and made conservation of forest difficult.

2. The ever increasing illegal cutting of trees and forest cover to meet the needs of an increasing population.

3. Large-scale development projects, of industrialisation and urbanisation have reduced the forest cover over a great extent.

ANSWER NO  3 (ii)A

Technical and economic development have led to more consumption of resources on account of various factors: such as:

      Technological  development provides sophisticated equipment which help in increase in production and ultimately leading to consumption of more resources.
    Technical development also lead to economic development. When the economic condition of a country Rises, the needs of people also rise. Ultimate leading to consumption of more resources.
      Economic development provides favourable environment for the development of latest technologies. It helps to make or convert various materials found around us into resources. Finally,it result into the consumption of new available resources too.