NCERT SOLUTION CLASS 10 SOCIAL SCIENCE GEOGRAPHY

NSERT SOLUTION CLASS 10 SOCIAL SCIENCE (GEOGRAPHY) CHAPTER 2 FOREST AND WILD LIFE

QUESTION NO 1

   Multiple choice qestion.

(i) Which of these statements is not a valid reason for the depletion of flora and fauna?

(a) Agriculture expansion

(b) Large scale developmental projects 

(c) Grazing and fuel wood collection 

(d) Rapid industrialization and urbanisation 

(ii) Which of the following conservation strategies do not directly involve community participation?

(a) Joint forest management 

(b) Beej Bachao Andolan

(c) Chipko Movement 

(d) Demarcation of wildlife sanctuaries 

ANSWER

(i)-----------  (c)

(ii)------------(d)

QUESTION NO 2

  Match the following animals with their category of existence:

ANIMAL/PLANT         CATEGORY OF

                                          EXISTENCE

Black buck                          Extinct

Asiatic Elephant                Rare

Andaman wild pig            Endangered

Himalayan brown bear   Vulnerable

Pink- headed duck            Endemic

ANSWER
ANIMAL/PLANT        CATEGORY OF
                                      EXISTENCE

Black buck                        Endangered

Asiatic elephant              Vulnerable

Andaman wild pig          Endemic

Himalayan brown 

      bear                             Rare

Pink-headed duck          Extinct

QUESTION NO 3

Match the following.

Reserve forest  ----    other forests and wastelands belonging to both government and                                       private individuals and communities

Protected forests---   forests are regarded as most vulnerable as far as the                                                           conservation of forest and wildlife resources.

Unclassed forests --  forest land are protected from any further depletion.

ANSWER

Reserve forest  ---- forests are regarded as most vulnerable as far as the                                                           conservation of forest and wildlife resources.

Protected forests---forest land are protected from any further depletion.
Unclassed forests -- other forests and wastelands belonging to both government and                                       private individuals and communities

QUESTION NO 4

 Answer the following questionin about 30 word.
(i) What is bio diversity?Why is biodiversity is important for human lives?
(ii) How have human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna? Explain.

ANSWER

 (i)  Biodiversity means inherited variation within species, the variety of species is an area, and the variety of habitat types within a landscape. In other words it refers to the variety of living organism it is an interconnected cycle in which every organism has a role. Various organisms play different role of producer, consumer and decomposer. It is on these roles that other organisms, including humans, depend for their existence .In the existence of millions of living beings- animals, plants and human beings collectively known as bio diversity .

(ii) Human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna in the following ways. 1.      During the colonial period due to the expansion of the railway, agriculture, commercial and Scientific forestry and mining activities. Indian forest depleted to an extent.
2.      Habitat destruction,hunting, poaching over exploitation, environmental pollution, poising and forest fire are factors whive have led to the decline in India's biodiversity. 
3.     The wealthiest 5% of Indian society cause more ecological damage  because of the amount they consume then the poorest 25% and shares  minimum responsibility for environmental well beings.

QUESTION NO 5

Answer the following questions in about 120 words.

(i)  Describe how communities have conserved and protected forests and wildlife in India.

(ii) Write a note on good practices towards conserving forests and wildlife.

ANSWER 

(i)   Forest in India are home to a number of communities. These communities have a multiple relationships with the flora and fauna around them.In some areas of India, local communities are struggling to conserve these habitats along with government officials.
1. In Sariska tiger reserve, Rajasthan villagers have fought against the mining by citing the Wildlife Protection Act.
2.  In many areas, villagers themselves are protecting Habitat and  denying  government involvement. The inhabitants of five villages in the Alwar district of Rajasthan have declared 1200 hectares of forest as the 'Bhairodev Dakav Sancturi', declaring their own set of rules and regulations which do not allowed hunting and are protecting the wildlife against any outside encroachment.
3. Nature worship is an age old tribal belief based on the premise that all creation of nature have to be protected. Such beliefs have preserved several virgin forest in pristine from called sacred Groves( the forest of God and Goddesses ).The Mundas and the santhals of chota Nagpur region worship Mahua and Kadamba trees and the tribals of Odisha and Bihar worship the tamarind and mango tree during weddings.

4   The famous Chipko Movement in the Himalayas  and joint forest management programme offer good examples for involving local communities in the management and restoration of degraded forests.

(ii)  1. The famous Chipko Movement in the Himalayas has successfully resisted deforestation in several areas. It has also shown that community afforestation with indigenous species can be enormously successful.
2. Attempt has been made to revive the traditional conservation methods. At the same time new methods of ecological farming have also been developed. Farmers and citizens groups like the 'Beej Bachao Andolan' in Tehri and Navdanya have shown that adequate levels of diversifying crop production without the use of synthetic Chemicals are possible as well economic viable.
3. In our country joint forest management programme offer a nice example for involving local communities in the management and regeneration of degraded forests.
4.  Making of National Parks, wildlife Sanctuary and bio reserve to protect endangered species of plant and animals.
5. Implementing laws to stop killing of animals and cutting of trees, making such act punishable.